探索ORACLE之RMAN_04非一致性备份
探索ORACLE之RMAN_04非一致性备份
相关链接：
探索ORACLE之RMAN_01概念
http://www.2cto.com/database/201205/132243.html；
探索ORACLE之RMAN_02基本使用
http://www.2cto.com/database/201205/132329.html；
探索ORACLE之RMAN_02一致性备份
http://www.2cto.com/database/201205/132664.html；
探索ORACLE之RMAN_03非一致性备份
http://www.2cto.com/database/201205/133139.html
在上一篇博文中提到了数据库的一致性备份，操作非常的简单。只需要一条很短的命令即可完成，但是如果要创建一正式库的备份，一般不建议用一致性备份，也不建议用很简单的名来完成。而是更多的采用脚本实现非一致性备份，这样将可通过backup+archive log+redo有效的将数据恢复到最近一次改变的状态，可以达到数据的丢失最小化。
创建非一致性备份
创建非一致性备份数据库必须处于归档(archivelog)模式，因为非一致性备份的数据库文件和控制文件的SCN号可能会不一致。并且可以在数据库打开并不影响业务的情况下完成数据的备份工作；那么这样的备份将是不一致性的备份，那么如果要恢复可以通过backup+archive log+redo来恢复到最近一次日志切换时候的数据，而不是最后一次备份时候的数据。 www.2cto.com
1.1检查归档状态：
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automaticarchival Disabled
Archivedestination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest onlinelog sequence 9
Current logsequence 11
SQL>
必须打开归档归档
SQL> shutdown immediate -----打开归档必须将数据库重启到mount状态
Databaseclosed.
Databasedismounted.
ORACLE instanceshut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instancestarted.
Total SystemGlobal Area 285212672 bytes
Fixed Size 1218968 bytes
VariableSize 79693416 bytes
DatabaseBuffers 197132288 bytes
RedoBuffers 7168000 bytes
Databasemounted. www.2cto.com
SQL> alter database archivelog; ----执行开启归档命令
Databasealtered.
SQL> alter database open; -----打开数据库
Databasealtered.
SQL> colinstance_name format a15
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance; ----查看数据库状态
INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------------------------------
WWL OPEN
SQL>
SQL> archive log list; ------查看归档状态，已经是归档状态了
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archivedestination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest onlinelog sequence 9
Next logsequence to archive 11
Current logsequence 11
SQL>
1.2执行备份 (执行备份命令实际上是跟一致性备份是一样的)
1.2.1 备份数据库
RMAN> backup database;
Starting backupat 23-MAY-12
allocatedchannel: ORA_DISK_1
channelORA_DISK_1: sid=145 devtype=DISK
channelORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channelORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafilefno=00001 name=/DBData/WWL/system01.dbf
input datafilefno=00003 name=/DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf
input datafilefno=00002 name=/DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf
input datafilefno=00004 name=/DBData/WWL/users01.dbf
channelORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-12
channelORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-12
piecehandle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0anbmtkr_1_1 tag=TAG20120523T121210 comment=NONE
channelORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:46
Finished backupat 23-MAY-12 www.2cto.com
Starting ControlFile and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12
piecehandle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-00 comment=NONE
Finished ControlFile and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12
RMAN>
1.2.2 备份USER表空间
RMAN> backuptablespace users;
Starting backupat 23-MAY-12
using channelORA_DISK_1
channelORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channelORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafilefno=00004 name=/DBData/WWL/users01.dbf
channelORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-12
channelORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-12
piecehandle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0cnbn2a3_1_1 tag=TAG20120523T133147 comment=NONE
channelORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
Finished backupat 23-MAY-12
Starting ControlFile and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12
piece handle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-01comment=NONE
Finished ControlFile and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12
RMAN>
1.2.3 备份数据文件
RMAN> backup datafile 1,2,3;
Starting backupat 23-MAY-12
using channelORA_DISK_1
channelORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channelORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafilefno=00001 name=/DBData/WWL/system01.dbf
input datafilefno=00003 name=/DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002name=/DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf
channelORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-12
channelORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-12
piecehandle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0enbn2bk_1_1 tag=TAG20120523T133235 comment=NONE
channelORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:48
Finished backupat 23-MAY-12
Starting ControlFile and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12
piecehandle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-02 comment=NONE
Finished ControlFile and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12
www.2cto.com
RMAN>
1.2.4 备份控制文件
RMAN> backup current controlfile;
Starting backupat 23-MAY-12
using channelORA_DISK_1
channelORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channelORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
includingcurrent control file in backupset
channelORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-12
channelORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-12
piecehandle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0gnbn2je_1_1 tag=TAG20120523T133645 comment=NONE
channelORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backupat 23-MAY-12
Starting ControlFile and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12
piecehandle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-03 comment=NONE
Finished ControlFile and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12
RMAN>
1.2.5 备份spfile文件
RMAN> backup spfile;
Starting backupat 23-MAY-12
using channelORA_DISK_1
channelORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channelORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
includingcurrent SPFILE in backupset
channelORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-MAY-12
channelORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-MAY-12
piecehandle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0inbn2l2_1_1 tag=TAG20120523T133737 comment=NONE
channelORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backupat 23-MAY-12
Starting ControlFile and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12
piecehandle=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-04 comment=NONE
Finished ControlFile and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-MAY-12
RMAN>
1.2.6 查看我们刚才备份的信息：
RMAN> list backup;
如下信息是之前做的备份：
using target database control file instead of recoverycatalog
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
2 Full 522.59M DISK 00:00:59 18-MAY-12
BP Key:2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120518T185700
Piece Name:/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_18_04nbaffs_1_1
List of Datafilesin backup set 2 www.2cto.com
File LV Type CkpSCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- -------------- --------- ----
1 Full 618100 18-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/system01.dbf
2 Full 618100 18-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf
3 Full 618100 18-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf
4 Full 618100 18-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
3 Full 6.80M DISK 00:00:02 18-MAY-12
BP Key:3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120518T185806
Piece Name:/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120518-01
Control FileIncluded: Ckp SCN: 618100 Ckp time:18-MAY-12
SPFILE Included:Modification time: 18-MAY-12
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
4 Full 523.54M DISK 00:01:09 21-MAY-12
BP Key:4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120521T145403
Piece Name:/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_21_06nbhucb_1_1
List of Datafilesin backup set 4
File LV Type CkpSCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- -------------- --------- ----
1 Full 622304 21-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/system01.dbf
2 Full 622304 21-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf
3 Full 622304 21-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf
4 Full 622304 21-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
5 Full 6.80M DISK 00:00:01 21-MAY-12
BP Key:5 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120521T145520
Piece Name:/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120521-00
Control FileIncluded: Ckp SCN: 622304 Ckp time:21-MAY-12
SPFILE Included:Modification time: 21-MAY-12
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
6 Full 368.00K DISK 00:00:00 21-MAY-12
BP Key:6 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120521T151349
Piece Name:/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_21_08nbhvhe_1_1
List of Datafilesin backup set 6 www.2cto.com
File LV Type CkpSCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- -------------- --------- ----
4 Full 622968 21-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
7 Full 6.80M DISK 00:00:01 21-MAY-12
BP Key:7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120521T151351
Piece Name:/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120521-01
Control FileIncluded: Ckp SCN: 622968 Ckp time:21-MAY-12
SPFILE Included:Modification time: 21-MAY-12
今天的备份信息如下：
如下是全库备份信息：
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
8 Full 524.66M DISK 00:01:36 23-MAY-12
BP Key:8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120523T121210
Piece Name:/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0anbmtkr_1_1
List of Datafilesin backup set 8
File LV Type CkpSCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- -------------- --------- ----
1 Full 649219 23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/system01.dbf
2 Full 649219 23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf
3 Full 649219 23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf
4 Full 649219 23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
9 Full 6.80M DISK 00:00:01 23-MAY-12
BP Key:9 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120523T121358
Piece Name:/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-00
Control FileIncluded: Ckp SCN: 649233 Ckp time:23-MAY-12
SPFILE Included:Modification time: 23-MAY-12
如下是备份USER表空间信息：
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
10 Full 432.00K DISK 00:00:01 23-MAY-12
BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120523T133147
Piece Name:/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0cnbn2a3_1_1
List of Datafilesin backup set 10
File LV Type CkpSCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- -------------- --------- ----
4 Full 651081 23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
11 Full 6.80M DISK 00:00:03 23-MAY-12
BP Key:11 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120523T133151
Piece Name:/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-01
Control FileIncluded: Ckp SCN: 651086 Ckp time:23-MAY-12
SPFILE Included:Modification time: 23-MAY-12
如下是备份数据文件1，2，3的信息：
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
12 Full 524.61M DISK 00:01:42 23-MAY-12
BP Key:12 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120523T133235
Piece Name:/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0enbn2bk_1_1
List of Datafilesin backup set 12 www.2cto.com
File LV Type CkpSCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- -------------- --------- ----
1 Full 651104 23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/system01.dbf
2 Full 651104 23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf
3 Full 651104 23-MAY-12 /DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
13 Full 6.80M DISK 00:00:01 23-MAY-12
BP Key:13 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120523T133424
Piece Name:/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-02
Control FileIncluded: Ckp SCN: 651119 Ckp time:23-MAY-12
SPFILE Included:Modification time: 23-MAY-12
如下备份的是控制文件信息：
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
14 Full 6.77M DISK 00:00:01 23-MAY-12
BP Key:14 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120523T133645
Piece Name:/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0gnbn2je_1_1
Control FileIncluded: Ckp SCN: 651150 Ckp time:23-MAY-12
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
15 Full 6.80M DISK 00:00:01 23-MAY-12
BP Key:15 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120523T133648
Piece Name:/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-03
Control FileIncluded: Ckp SCN: 651154 Ckp time:23-MAY-12
SPFILE Included:Modification time: 23-MAY-12
如下是备份spfile文件的信息：
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
16 Full 80.00K DISK 00:00:01 23-MAY-12
BP Key:16 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120523T133737
Piece Name:/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0inbn2l2_1_1
SPFILE Included:Modification time: 23-MAY-12
BS Key Type LVSize Device Type Elapsed TimeCompletion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ---------------------------
17 Full 6.80M DISK 00:00:02 23-MAY-12
BP Key:17 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20120523T133740
Piece Name:/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-5520179-20120523-04
Control FileIncluded: Ckp SCN: 651175 Ckp time:23-MAY-12
SPFILE Included:Modification time: 23-MAY-12 www.2cto.com
RMAN>
恢复大综合：
介于Rman恢复的自动性，我们刚才对数据库的全库，单表空间，数据文件控制文件和参数文件都做了备份，这些备份的内容是数据库运行不可缺少的必要元素，通常情况下我们在生产库中只需要备份这些内容即可。有了这些备份，即使数据库的的任何信息丢失，我们都可以得以恢复使得数据库的正常运行，当然如果我们将archive log 也备份，当然就会更好了，一般情况下这个可以不用备份，备份archive log占用空间非常大。如果有海量的储存，当然备份也无妨咯。
Egg:
2.1 删除数据库的所有文件，仅保留redo日志和archivelog文件
删除控制文件：
[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ pwd
/DBData/oradata/WWL
[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ ls
control02.ctl control03.ctl
[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ rm -rf *.ctl
[oracle@wwldbWWL]$
[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ pwd
/DBSoft/oradata/WWL
[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ ls
control01.ctl
[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ rm -rf control01.ctl
[oracle@wwldbWWL]$
删除数据文件：
[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ ls
redo01.log redo02.log redo03.log sysaux01.dbf system01.dbf temp01.dbf undotbs01.dbf users01.dbf
[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ rm -rf *.dbf
[oracle@wwldb WWL]$ ls
redo01.log redo02.log redo03.log
[oracle@wwldbWWL]$
删除参数文件：
[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ rm -rf spfileWWL.ora
[oracle@wwldbdbs]$ www.2cto.com
执行大恢复
1、现在数据库是关闭状态
[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ ps -ef|grep ora
root 2910 2888 0 10:02 ? 00:00:15 hald-addon-storage: polling/dev/hdc
root 28954 3478 0 11:38 pts/1 00:00:00 su - oracle
oracle 28955 28954 0 11:38 pts/1 00:00:00 -bash
root 29361 3438 0 13:41 pts/2 00:00:00 su - oracle
oracle 29362 29361 0 13:41 pts/2 00:00:01 -bash
oracle 29988 29362 0 16:06 pts/2 00:00:00sqlplus as sysdba
oracle 30102 28955 0 17:03 pts/1 00:00:00 ps -ef
oracle 30103 28955 0 17:03 pts/1 00:00:00 grep ora
[oracle@wwldbdbs]$
2、要恢复首先要将数据库启动到mount状态才能恢复
[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus:Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 23 17:03:42 2012
Copyright (c)1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to anidle instance.
SQL> startup
ORA-01078:failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: couldnot open parameter file '/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initWWL.ora'
SQL>
3、因为数据库没有参数文件，起不来，只能能启动到nomount状态
[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ rman target /
RecoveryManager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 23 17:06:32 2012
Copyright (c)1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected totarget database (not started)
RMAN> startup force nomount;
startup failed:ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: couldnot open parameter file '/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initWWL.ora'
starting Oracleinstance without parameter file for retrival of spfile
Oracle instancestarted
Total System GlobalArea 159383552 bytes
Fixed Size 1218244 bytes
VariableSize 58722620 bytes
DatabaseBuffers 92274688 bytes
RedoBuffers 7168000 bytes
RMAN>
4、开始恢复参数文件，只有恢复了参数文件和控制文件数据库才能到mount状态来恢复数据文件：
RMAN> restorespfile from autobackup;
Starting restoreat 23-MAY-12
using targetdatabase control file instead of recovery catalog
allocatedchannel: ORA_DISK_1
channelORA_DISK_1: sid=36 devtype=DISK
www.2cto.com
RMAN-00571:===========================================================
RMAN-00569:=============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571:===========================================================
RMAN-03002:failure of restore command at 05/23/2012 17:08:42
RMAN-06495: mustexplicitly specify DBID with SET DBID command
RMAN>
注意：这里有问题了，spfile无法恢复，必须指定DBID。我记得在每次登录到rman的时候都会显示一个数据库的DBID，但是为什么这里要我们指定DBID呢？？？原因很简单，因为我们登录RMAN的时候，数据库已经宕机了，而且参数文件，控制文件，数据文件都没有了，它到哪里去找DBID；所以需要我们手动来指定，问题是现在既然登录的时候不显示，我们也不知道在哪里呀,如下:
[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on WedMay 23 17:06:32 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to targetdatabase (not started)
没关系的因为我们的控制文件做了自动备份，在自动备份的控制文件里面已经存在了DBID，我们现在去找找吧，默认就备份在如下位置：
[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ pwd
/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs
[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ ls
c-5520179-20120518-01 c-5520179-20120523-01 hc_WWL.dat lkWWL
其中5520179就是DBID了，我们只需要通过指定这个DBID，就可以将spfile恢复并将数据库启动到mount状态。
RMAN> set DBID=5520179
executingcommand: SET DBID
RMAN> restore spfile from autobackup;
Starting restoreat 23-MAY-12
using targetdatabase control file instead of recovery catalog
allocatedchannel: ORA_DISK_1
channelORA_DISK_1: sid=39 devtype=DISK
channelORA_DISK_1: looking for autobackup on day: 20120523
channelORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: c-5520179-20120523-04
channelORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from autobackup complete
Finished restoreat 23-MAY-12
RMAN>
5、恢复控制文件
RMAN> restore controlfile from autobackup;
Starting restoreat 23-MAY-12
using channelORA_DISK_1
channelORA_DISK_1: looking for autobackup on day: 20120523
channelORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: c-5520179-20120523-04
channelORA_DISK_1: control file restore from autobackup complete
outputfilename=/DBSoft/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/cntrlWWL.dbf
Finished restoreat 23-MAY-12
RMAN>
重启数据库到mount状态 ---很重要
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instancestarted.
Total SystemGlobal Area 285212672 bytes
Fixed Size 1218968 bytes
VariableSize 79693416 bytes
DatabaseBuffers 197132288 bytes
RedoBuffers 7168000 bytes
Databasemounted. www.2cto.com
SQL> exit
Disconnectedfrom Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With thePartitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
[oracle@wwldb dbs]$ rman target /
RecoveryManager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 23 19:04:15 2012
Copyright (c)1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected totarget database: WWL (DBID=5520179, not open)
注意：详细参考如下：
http://www.2cto.com/database/201205/133121.html
6、恢复数据库其它的数据文件：
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restoreat 23-MAY-12
using targetdatabase control file instead of recovery catalog
allocatedchannel: ORA_DISK_1
channelORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK
channelORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channelORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoringdatafile 00004 to /DBData/WWL/users01.dbf
channelORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0cnbn2a3_1_1
channelORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0cnbn2a3_1_1tag=TAG20120523T133147
channelORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channelORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channelORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoringdatafile 00001 to /DBData/WWL/system01.dbf
restoringdatafile 00002 to /DBData/WWL/undotbs01.dbf
restoringdatafile 00003 to /DBData/WWL/sysaux01.dbf
channelORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0enbn2bk_1_1
channelORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piecehandle=/DBBak/bak_WWL_05_23_0enbn2bk_1_1 tag=TAG20120523T133235
channelORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05
Finished restoreat 23-MAY-12
RMAN>
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recoverat 23-MAY-12
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting mediarecovery
media recovery complete,elapsed time: 00:00:05
Finished recoverat 23-MAY-12
RMAN> alter database open; ---------我们看到数据库已经打开了处于open状态
database opened www.2cto.com
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;
INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
----------------------------
WWL OPEN
SQL>
注意：
restore：是将物理的数据文件从备份集中恢复出到原来的位置
recover：是利用redo日志，将备份点后的数据库通过redo日志重做
作者 吴伟龙
探索ORACLE之RMAN_04非一致性备份 
